- Home
- Explanatory Note
- Overlap between refugeehood and statelessness
- Statelessness in Country of Origin Information (COI)
- Disclaimers
- Background on the research project
- Acknowledgements
- Feedback and Comments
- Who we are
- List of Acronyms
- Sources consulted and reference period
- International Organisations
- Media Sources and blogs
- COI databases and government bodies
- Academic and closed Access
- History of Palestinians’ exile to Lebanon resulting in various legal statuses for PalestiniansToggle Dropdown
- History of UNRWA and its mandate
- Assistance provided by UNRWA
- Legal and Policy frameworks and their implementationToggle Dropdown
- Refugee Rights
- What are the ways in which nationality is acquired and lost and Lebanon?
- Is Lebanon party to the 1954 and 1961 Statelessness Conventions? Any Reservations? Is there a statelessness determination procedure
- What Principal legislation related to nationality and statelessness exists in relation to Palestinians in Lebanon?
- Can Palestinian refugee women pass on their legal status to their children?
- What rights to a nationality do the children of stateless Palestinian parents have?
- Can stateless Palestinians legally and practically obtain identification documents? If not, why?
- Freedom of movementToggle Dropdown
- Can stateless Palestinians obtain travel documents to facilitate their movements inside and outside of Lebanon?
- How do checkpoints affect stateless Palestinians' free movement?
- Are stateless Palestinians free to leave Lebanon on a temporary or permanent basis?
- Are stateless Palestinians able to re-enter Lebanon after exiting the county?
- Access to Health careToggle Dropdown
- Do stateless Palestinians have access to any existing Lebanese public healthcare system/healthcare insurance?
- Is there evidence that stateless Palestinians have difficulties accessing health care? If so, what are the reasons?
- How has Covid 19 impacted access to healthcare?
- Was vaccination made available for stateless Palestinians in Lebanon?
- Are other communicable diseases affecting stateless Palestinians in Lebanon?
- Are stateless Palestinians particularly affected by mental health disorders?
- Is there evidence that certain groups of stateless Palestinians have more difficulties accessing healthcare than others?
- Child ProtectionToggle Dropdown
- Are child protection/social services available to Stateless Palestinians, who is it provided by and what assistance do they provide?
- Do Palestinians who are stateless have trouble getting access to child protection?
- What are the obstacles to the protection of Stateless Palestinian children?
- Are Stateless Palestinian children exposed to exploitation and other types of harm such as physical violence, sexual abuse etc?
- Access to education for childrenToggle Dropdown
- Do stateless Palestinian children have access to education? If not, what are the obstacles they face?
- Is the education of stateless Palestinian children and young people free? At what level of education?
- Are there reports/evidence of additional practical challenges for certain groups of stateless Palestinian children and young people more than others? For example, on the basis of gender, class, religion or disability?
- Are data available on the impact of Covid-19 on school drop-out?
- Access to the labour market, means of basic subsistenceToggle Dropdown
- What does the law say with regards to stateless Palestinians seeking employment? E.g. Do they have the right to work on an equal basis with Lebanese citizens?
- What is the 2021 Decision by the Minister of Labour, Moustafa Bayram, relating to employment of Palestinians in Lebanon?
- How has Labour Minister Moustapha Bayram’s 2021 decision been implemented?
- What are the obstacles Palestinians face when trying to enter the labour market?
- How visible are stateless Palestinians in the workforce? How satisfied are stateless Palestinians with their professional occupation?
- Is there disaggregated data on the number of stateless Palestinians in the labour market?
- Are steps taken to ensure that stateless Palestinians can enter the labour market? Are these successful?
- Are there reports/evidence of additional practical challenges to employment for stateless Palestinians more than others? For example, on the basis of their legal status, gender, class, religion or disability?
- How has Covid 19 impacted access to the labour market?
- Access to land, housing and shelter Toggle Dropdown
- Situation in the campsToggle Dropdown
- State attitudes, discrimination by state authorities and availability of state protectionToggle Dropdown
- Are there public statements by government officials regarding stateless Palestinians?
- Are stateless Palestinians vulnerable to arbitrary arrest and detention by the Lebanese authorities?
- Are stateless Palestinians particularly exposed to violence by state actors?
- How are stateless Palestinians treated in detention and what are the conditions in detention facilities?
- Access to justice, security and state protectionToggle Dropdown
- Do stateless Palestinians report complaints to the Police? If not, why not?
- Is there a difference between the availability of state protection for camp-based and non-camp-based Palestinians?
- Do State authorities register complaints of discrimination, human rights violations, violence etc made by or on behalf of stateless Palestinians? Is support provided when complaints are made? Does the police take these cases further after registration?
- Have there been prosecutions and convictions of state representatives or individuals for discriminatory, humiliating, violent actions towards Palestinian stateless persons?
- Treatment by society (including families, communities and other non-state actors)Toggle Dropdown
- How do the media portray stateless Palestinians? How are stateless Palestinians treated by Lebanese nationals?
- Is there evidence of discrimination and/or tensions among stateless Palestinians?
- Are stateless Palestinians disproportionately affected by exploitation and other types of harm such as physical violence, sexual abuse etc? Are stateless Palestinians disproportionately affected by human trafficking?
- Particular hardships faced by specific profiles of stateless PalestiniansToggle Dropdown
- Are there any reported instances of violence against stateless Palestinian women?
- What Impact did Covid-19 and anti-covid19 measures have on Gender-based violence [GBV]?
- What is the situation of stateless unmarried/single Palestinian women without male support?
- Are there statistics recorded on the incidence of stateless Palestinians with disabilities and the form of disability?
- Are there reported instances of stigma, discrimination, harassment and/or violence towards stateless Palestinians with disabilities by Lebanese state actors or the local community?
- What measures are taken to ensure that Palestinians with disabilities can access basic services?
- Are there reported instances of stigma, discrimination, harassment and/or violence towards LGBTQI+ stateless Palestinians by Lebanese state actors or the local community?
- Is there any additional penalty eg. deportation for stateless Palestinians who committed offences, in Lebanon or outside of Lebanon?
- Political Participation and ProtestsToggle Dropdown
- Are stateless Palestinians formally allowed to gather, protest, and join political parties in Lebanon? Are they practically permitted to do so? Do you know stateless Palestinians who ever managed to become public political figures?
- Do stateless Palestinians experience any forms of reprisals as a result of gathering/protesting/gaining a public profile for speaking on a political issue?
- AppendicesToggle Dropdown
- NGOS and think tanks
Acknowledgement
This report was written by Agathe Menetrier, Fatima Ali, Emily Wilbourn and Sophie Kloos, with insightful lived experience and expert knowledge on the subject provided by Walaa Kayyal and members of our Steering Committee (Judith Carter, Shahd Qannam, Thomas McGee and Elizabeth Ruddick). Critical research assistance was provided by Asylos members (Anna Magyarlaki, Chunyuan Hu, Dina Baslan, Fariah Mahadi, Feline Lucas, Francesca Pierigh, Giulia Gizzi, Kauthar Menhal, Laurence Hamid, Lucia Linares, Patrick Annez de Taboada, Priyam Yarnell, Tahmima Begom, and Zainab Ekrayem).
Additionally, we would like to express our gratitude to our colleagues at ACCORD and the European Network on Statelessness (ENS) for their crucial peer assessment of this report’s initial draft as well as their support and advice during the entire process.
The generous financial support provided by the Trust for London for this project is greatly appreciated.